What is Bone Marrow Failure and how is it Treated?

A bone marrow failure takes place when it fails to keep up with the body’s requirements and doesn’t produce enough red cells, white cells, or platelets, or when those blood cells that are produced are damaged or defective. Bone marrow disorders are rare and may be either inherited or acquired. Inherited bone marrow failure is often the cause in young children, while adults may acquire the disease at a much later stage in life. Those with inherited bone marrow failure have an increased risk of future malignancy, particularly acute leukemia as well as some tumors.

Best bone marrow specialist in India Helps to find Symptoms of bone marrow failure include fatigue, shortness of breath, prolonged infections, pale skin, nosebleeds, and bleeding gums, and irregular heart rate. Supportive care is essential for patient survival as it can cause fatigue and can impair the patient’s ability to function in daily activities. Impaired heart function can be aggravated into congestive heart failure by increasing oxygen demands on the heart and other tissues.

Treatment of bone marrow failure   

Treatment of bone marrow failure depends on the disorder and its severity and it might involve prescribed medication, blood transfusions, or a bone marrow transplant. It can be treated with a bone marrow transplant to replace bone marrow that has been damaged or destroyed by disease, infection, or chemotherapy. 

Bone marrow failure can also be treated with a stem cell transplant that involves the infusion of healthy blood stem cells into the body to stimulate new bone marrow growth and restore the production of healthy blood cells. This procedure involves transplanting blood stem cells, which travel to the bone marrow where they produce new blood cells and promote the growth of new marrow.

The treatment involves taking healthy stem cells from the blood or bone marrow of one person, ideally a close family member with the same or similar tissue type, and transferring them to another person. It is also possible to remove stem cells from the patient’s own body and transplant them later after any damaged or diseased cells have been removed. 

Having a stem cell transplant can be an intensive and challenging experience as the patient needs to stay in the hospital for a month or more until the transplant starts to take effect and it can take a year to fully recover. 

Patients who are not eligible for stem cell transplant or who cannot find a suitable donor can be treated with drugs to suppress the autoimmune reaction that is damaging their bone marrow. Non-transplant treatment options for bone marrow failure have significantly expanded during the last few years. With rapid advancements in medical science, bone marrow transplants may be required less frequently. Preliminary research and results in immunosuppressive therapy are promising and it may be used in treating bone marrow failures more effectively in the future.

If you are looking for a bone marrow specialist in India, a detailed internet search will give you several results and you can read the patients’ testimonials and reviews before consulting one.  

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